Engagement laboral en organizaciones empresariales. Mapeo sistemático de la literatura
Work commitment in business organizations. Systematic literature mapping
Wendolin Margarita Suárez-Amaya , Eduardo Alonso Galdame Cancino , Benjamín Javier González Ramírez , Martín Ignacio Maldonado Corrotea
Suma de Negocios, 15(33), 156-166, julio-diciembre 2024, ISSN 2215-910X
https://doi.org/10.14349/sumneg/2024.V15.N33.A8
Recibido: 30 de abril de 2024
Aceptado: 7 de agosto de 2024
Online: 23 de agosto de 2024
Introducción/Objetivo: el engagement laboral es un concepto complejo y multifacético que integra dimensiones como el compromiso, la motivación y la conexión emocional que un empleado desarrolla con su trabajo y organización. Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las tendencias y los factores que influyen en el engagement laboral en el contexto actual.
Metodología: se realizó un mapeo sistemático en la base de datos Scopus para identificar y analizar estudios empíricos y de revisión relacionados con el engagement laboral. La búsqueda bibliográfica se enfocó en estudios publicados entre el 2018 y el 2022, y 308 documentos fueron utilizados para el estudio. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión rigurosos para asegurar la relevancia y calidad de los estudios seleccionados.
Resultados: el análisis bibliométrico revela un creciente interés en la investigación sobre el engagement laboral, con una producción científica notable en varios países y autores clave en el campo. Factores como el apoyo organizacional, la satisfacción laboral y el balance entre trabajo y vida personal han sido identificados como influencias significativas en el engagement laboral. Además, la evolución del engagement ha resaltado su importancia en la gestión de recursos humanos y la cultura organizacional, así como la influencia de la tecnología y la flexibilidad laboral en su definición moderna.
Conclusiones: el engagement laboral en la Era Moderna trasciende visiones limitadas a funciones individuales o beneficios económicos, y abarca elementos que conforman una experiencia laboral enriquecedora y alineada con un propósito colectivo. Este enfoque holístico es crucial para impulsar la productividad, la innovación y la retención de talento en un mercado competitivo, el cual sienta las bases para una cultura organizacional ágil y preparada para el futuro. Próximas investigaciones deben explorar más a fondo las dimensiones del engagement y su impacto en el desempeño organizacional.
Palabras clave:
Engagement laboral,
mapeo sistemático,
bienestar en el trabajo,
liderazgo, gestión
organizacional,
tendencias de investigación.
Códigos JEL:
J24, J28, M12, M54.
Introduction/Objective: Employee engagement is a complex and multifaceted concept that integrates dimensions such as commitment, motivation, and the emotional connection an employee develops with their work and organization. This study aims to explore the trends and factors influencing employee engagement in the current context
Methodology: A systematic mapping was conducted in the Scopus database to identify and analyse empirical and review studies related to employee engagement. The literature search focused on studies published between 2018 and 2022, with 308 documents used for the study. Rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria, based on predefined parameters, were applied to ensure the relevance and quality of the selected studies.
Results: The bibliometric analysis reveals a growing interest in research on employee engagement, with notable scientific production in various countries and key authors in the field. Factors such as organizational support, job satisfaction, and work-life balance have been identified as significant influences on employee engagement. Additionally, the evolution of engagement has highlighted its importance in human resource management and organizational culture, as well as the influence of technology and work flexibility in its modern definition.
Conclusions: Employee engagement in the modern era transcends limited views to individual roles or economic benefits, encompassing elements that form an enriching work experience aligned with a collective purpose. This holistic approach is crucial for driving productivity, innovation, and talent retention in a competitive market, laying the foundations for an agile and future-ready organizational culture. Future research should further explore the dimensions of engagement and its impact on organizational performance.
Keywords:
Employee engagement,
systematic mapping,
workplace well-being,
leadership,
organizational management,
research trends.
Abid, G., Sajjad, I., Elahi, N. S., Farooqi, S. y Nisar, A. (2018). The influence of prosocial motivation and civility on work engagement: the mediating role of thriving at work. Cogent Business & Management, 5(1). https://doi.org/gn8ntr
Achmad, L. I., Noermijati, Rofiaty e Irawanto, D. W. (2023). Job satisfaction and employee engagement as mediators of the relationship between talent development and intention to stay in Generation Z workers. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(1), e0814. https://doi.org/nb92
Acuña, A., Ganga, F., Castillo, J. y Luengo, C. (2022). Investigaciones sobre engagement y burnout: una aproximación teórica en tiempos de Covid-19. Telos. Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinarios en Ciencias Sociales, 24(2), 370-383. https://tinyurl.com/5xb87dhc
Afram, J., Manresa, A. y Mas-Machuca M. (2022). The impact of employee empowerment on organisational performance: a mediating role of employee engagement and organisational citizenship behaviour. Intangible Capital, 18(1), 96-119. https://doi.org/nb94
Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H. y Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: an integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 7-35. https://doi.org/ggd5zk
Anguelov, K., Stoyanova, T. y Tamošiūnienė R. (2020). Research of motivation of employees in the IT sector in Bulgaria. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 7(3), 2556-2567. https://doi.org/nb96
Aromataris, E. y Riitano, D. (2014). Constructing a search strategy and searching for evidence. A guide to the literature search for a systematic review. American Journal of Nursing, 114(5), 49-56. https://doi.org/ghbvbp
Bailey, C., Madden, A., Alfes, K., Fletcher, L. (2015). The meaning, antecedents and outcomes of employee engagement: a narrative synthesis. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(1), 31-53. https://doi.org/ggscx7
Bailey, C., Yeoman, R., Madden, A., Thompson, M. y Kerridge, G. (2019). A Review of the Empirical Literature on Meaningful Work: Progress and Research Agenda. Human Resource Development Review, 18(1), 83-113. https://doi.org/gftkrd
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. y Schaufeli, W. (2005). The crossover of burnout and work engagement among working couples. Human Relations, 58(5), 661-689. https://doi.org/c9q2jt
Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P. y Taris, T. W. (2008). Work engagement: an emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work & Stress, 22(3), 187-200. https://doi.org/cmxxsq
Bakker, A. B. y Albretch, S. L. (2018). Work engagement: current trends. Career Development International, 23(1), 4-11. https://doi.org/gffh35
Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: state of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328. https://doi.org/cd5
Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209-223. https://doi.org/fkk8dv
Bakker, A. B. y Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands-resources theory: taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285. https://doi.org/gctpgw
Bande, B., Fernández-Ferrín, P., Varela, J. A. y Jaramillo, F. (2015). Emotions and salesperson propensity to leave: the effects of emotional intelligence and resilience. Industrial Marketing Management, 44, 142-153. https://doi.org/ggct5p
Begecarslan, M. (2021). The people side of successful business transformations. European Journal of Business Science and Technology, 7(1), 59-73. https://doi.org/nb98
Boccoli, G., Sestino, A., Gastaldi, L. y Corso, M. (2022). The impact of autonomy and temporal flexibility on individuals’ psychological well-being in remote settings. Sinergie. Italian Journal of Management, 40(2), 327-349. https://doi.org/nb99
Boehm, S. A., Kunze, F. y Bruch, H. (2014). Spotlight on age-diversity climate: the impact of age-inclusive HR practices on firm-level outcomes. Personnel Psychology, 67(3), 667-704. https://doi.org/ggb69g
Cabana-Mamani, A., Ccalachua, S., Morales-García, W. C., Paredes-Saavedra, M. y Morales-García, M. (2024). Self-efficacy and emotional intelligence as predictors of work engagement in Peruvian health personnel. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología, 4, 888. https://doi.org/ncbc
Chahrour, M., Assi, S., Bejjani, M., Nasrallah, A. A., Salhab, H., Fares, M. y Khachfe, H. H. (2020). A bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 research activity: a call for increased output. Cureus, 12(3), e7357. https://doi.org/gjx6xg
Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S. y Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: a quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 89-136. https://doi.org/c6b58z
Christian, M. S. y Slaughter, J. E. (2007, abril). Work engagement: a meta-analytic review and directions for research in an emerging area [Presentación de conferencia]. 22nd Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Nueva York.
Chua, J. y Ayoko, O. B. (2021). Employees’ self-determined motivation, transformational leadership and work engagement. Journal of Management & Organization, 27(3), 523-543. https://doi.org/gndggq
Coronado, J., Baldeos, L., Ramos, S., Lioo, F. y Neri, A. (2023). Programa de liderazgo transformacional y su impacto en la cultura organizacional: caso municipalidad provincial de Huaura (Perú). Suma de Negocios, 14(31), 95-101. https://doi.org/ncbf
Decuypere, A. y Schaufeli, W. (2020). Leadership and work engagement: exploring explanatory mechanisms. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(1), 69-95. https://doi.org/ggd45b
Domínguez-Torres, L. C., Vega-Peña, N. V., Sandoval, J. G. y Sanabria-Quiroga, Á. E. (2024). Efecto de la “ley de residentes” sobre el bienestar laboral en cirugía: resultados de un estudio nacional de métodos mixtos en Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Cirugía, 39(3), 371-385. https://doi.org/ncbh
Duchek, S., Raetze, S. y Scheuch, I. (2020). The role of diversity in organizational resilience: a theoretical framework. Business Research, 13, 387-423. https://doi.org/ghfvft
Fiernaningsih, N., Herijanto, P. y Trivena, S. M. (2022). How to improve employee performance based on transglobal leadership? Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(3), 400-410. https://doi.org/ncbj
Gabel-Shemueli, R., Westman, M., Chen, S. y Bahamonde, D. (2019). Does cultural intelligence increase work engagement? The role of idiocentrism-allocentrism and organizational culture in MNCs. Cross Cultural and Strategic Management, 26(1), 46-66. https://doi.org/grqcns
Grant, A. M. (2008). The significance of task significance: job performance effects, relational mechanisms, and boundary conditions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 108-124. https://doi.org/bwmdgx
Gupta, N. y Sharma, V. (2016). Exploring employee engagement—A way to better business performance. Global Business Review, 17(3), 45-63. https://doi.org/ncbk
Jacobson, N. C., Lekkas, D., Price, G., Heinz, M. V., Song, M., O’Malley, A. J. y Barr, P. J. (2020). Flattening the mental health curve: COVID-19 stay-at-home, domestic violence, and mental health search behavior in the United States. JMIR Ment Health, 7(6), e19347. https://doi.org/ggzk5m
Jia, L., Phawitpiriyakliti, C. y Terason, S. (2024). The effects of work-family conflict and work-family support on job performance of Chinese grassroots civil servants. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 18(8), e05916. https://doi.org/ncbm
Jones, O. y Gatrell, C. (2014). The future of writing and reviewing for IJMR. International Journal of Management Reviews, 16(3), 249-264. https://doi.org/f6kqsx
Khan, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. The Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724. https://tinyurl.com/ehwvusfb
Kim, W., Kolb, J. A. y Kim, T. (2013). The relationship between work engagement and performance: a review of empirical literature and a proposed research agenda. Human Resource Development Review, 12(3), 248-276. https://doi.org/gfzzgb
Kousha, K. y Thelwall, M. (2020). COVID-19 publications: database coverage, citations, readers, tweets, news, Facebook walls, Reddit posts. Quantitative Science Studies, 1(3), 1068-1091. https://doi.org/ghn32p
Kumar, V. y Pansari, A. (2016). Competitive advantage through engagement. Journal of Marketing Research, 53(4), 497-514. https://doi.org/gf7kkf
Lee, J. Y., Rocco, T. S. y Shuck, B. (2020). What is a resource: toward a taxonomy of resources for employee engagement. Human Resource Development Review, 19(1), 5-38. https://doi.org/gkvqcf
Lee, Q.-L., Tan, C.-S. y Krishnan, S. A. P. (2021). The mediating role of job satisfaction and work engagement in the relationship between self-reported person-job fit and job performance. Organizational Psychology, 12(2), 183-197. https://doi.org/ncbp
Lockwood, N. R. (2007). Leveraging employee engagement for competitive advantage. Society for Human Resource Management Research Quarterly, 1, 1-12.
Macey, W. y Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3-30. https://doi.org/brkfvr
Martínez, I. M., Salanova, M. y Cruz-Ortiz, V. (2022). Our boss is a good boss! Cross-level effects of transformational leadership on work engagement in service jobs. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 36(2), 87-94. https://doi.org/gpd9ng
Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H. y Qian, S. (2017). A meta‐analysis of emotional intelligence and work attitudes. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 90(2), 177-202. https://doi.org/gbn3j7
Mora, O., Guerrero, M. A., Manosalva, C. A. y Pedraza M. (2022). Satisfacción laboral y engagement de trabajadores de empresas peruanas y ecuatorianas. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 27(Especial 8), 956-974. https://doi.org/ncbv
Morgan, J. (2017). The employee experience advantage. Wiley. https://tinyurl.com/mpfse7br
Nelwan, O. S., Lengkong, V. P. K., Tewal, B., Pratiknj, M. H., Saerang, R. T., Ratag, S. P., Walangitan, H. D., Paat, F. J. y Kawet, R. C. (2024). The effect of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior on turnover intention in the tourism management and environmental sector in Minahasa Regency-North Sulawesi-Indonesia. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 18(3), e05242. https://doi.org/ncbw
Nurtjahjani, F., Batilmurik, R. W., Puspita, A. F. y Fanggidae J. P. (2022). The relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement. Moderated mediation roles of psychological ownership and belief in just world. Organization Management Journal, 19(2), 47-59. https://doi.org/ncbx
Ologbo, A. y Saudah, S. (2012). Individual factors and work outcomes of employee engagement. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 498-508. https://doi.org/gsqgkj
Oosthuizen, R. M., Mayer, C.-H. y Zwane, N. J. (2021). Burnout, employee engagement and self-perceived employability in the South African public sector. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, a1787. https://doi.org/gh3m5g
Park, L. E., Italiano, A. y Vessels, V. (2023). Managers’ displays of busyness predict employees’ job engagement, burnout and turnover intentions. International Journal of Social Psychology, 38(1), 192-239. https://doi.org/gtkskr
Palacios, K., Zavaleta, J., Fuster-Guillén, D. y Rengifo, R. (2022). Habilidades interpersonales y engagement laboral del personal policial y militar administrativo en Perú. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 28(Número Especial 5), 302-312. https://doi.org/ncb4
Petersen, K., Feldt, R., Mujtaba, S. y Mattsson, M. (2008). Systematic mapping studies in software engineering. 12th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering, EASE 2008, 1-10.
Prabadevi, M. y Subramanian, K. P. (2023). “Work Contentment” – an enabler for career development-A study with special reference to the hospital industry. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(5), e01738. https://doi.org/ncb5
Rahmadani, V. G. y Schaufeli, W. B. (2022). Engaging leadership and work engagement as moderated by “diuwongke”: an Indonesian study. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(7), 1267-1295. https://doi.org/gp2bbw
Reig-Botella, A., Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Fernández-del Río, E. y Clemente, M. (2024). Don’t curb your enthusiasm! The role of work engagement in predicting job performance. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 40(1), 51-60. https://doi.org/ncb6
Rich, B., Lepine, J. y Crawford, E. (2010). Job engagement: antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617-635. https://doi.org/b4fnsh
Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600-619. https://doi.org/bv4wr8
Saks, A. M. (2019). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement revisited. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 6(1), 19-38. https://doi.org/gkvqb6
Salanova, M., Schaufeli, W. B., Llorens, S., Peiró, J. M. y Grau, R. (2000). Desde el ‘burnout’ al ‘engagement’: ¿una nueva perspectiva? Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 16(2), 117-134. https://tinyurl.com/dyw8kth9
Salas-Rodríguez, F. y Lara, S. (2020). Mapeo sistemático de la literatura sobre la eficacia colectiva docente. Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado, 95(34.2), 11-36. https://tinyurl.com/3d3npj3m
Sánchez, J., Rivas, R., Echaiz, C. y Hidalgo I. (2022). Liderazgo democrático y compromiso organizacional en la Dirección Regional de Comercio Exterior, Turismo y Artesanía. Journal of the Academy, (6), 66-88. https://doi.org/ncb7
Santiago Torner, C. (2023). Teletrabajo y clima ético. El efecto mediador de la autonomía laboral y del compromiso organizacional. Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa, 36, 1-23. https://doi.org/ncb9
Santiago Torner, C. (2024). Clima ético benevolente y autoeficacia laboral. La mediación de la motivación intrínseca y la moderación del compromiso afectivo en el sector eléctrico colombiano. Lecturas de Economía, (101), 235-269. https://doi.org/ncb8
Schaufeli, W. B. (2017). Applying the job demands-resources model: a ‘how to’ guide to measuring and tackling work engagement and burnout. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 120-132. https://doi.org/gd6f5b
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B. y Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: a cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701-716. https://doi.org/c45wq2
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V. y Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: a two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3, 71-92. https://tinyurl.com/2n8kk6zv
Schaufeli, W. B. y Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315. https://doi.org/b8pjv2
Schaufeli, W. B. y Bakker, A. B. (2010). Defining and measuring work engagement: bringing clarity to the concept. En A. B. Bakker y M. P. Leiter (eds.), Work engagement: a handbook of essential theory and research (pp. 10-24). Psychology Press.
Schaufeli, W. B. y Taris, T. W. (2014). A critical review of the job demands-resources model: implications for improving work and health. En Bridging occupational, organizational and public health (pp. 43-68). Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/gg9dgz
Schneider, B., Yost, A. B., Kropp, A., Kind, C. y Lam, H. (2018). Workforce engagement: what it is, what drives it, and why it matters for organizational performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(4), 462-480. https://doi.org/gdjtzz
Seppälä, P., Mauno, S., Feldt, T., Hakanen, J., Kinnunen, U., Tolvanen, A. y Schaufeli, W. (2009). The construct validity of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: multisample and longitudinal evidence. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(4), 459-481. https://doi.org/b855z3
Shimazu, A., Schaufeli, W. B., Kosugi, S., Suzuki, A., Nashiwa, H., Kato, A., Sakamoto, M., Irimajiri, H., Amano, S., Hirohata, K., Goto, R. y Kitaoka-Higashiguchi, K. (2008). Work engagement in Japan: validation of the Japanese version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Applied Psychology, 57(3), 510-523. https://doi.org/bsjxwb
Silva, S. C., Feitosa, W., Duarte, P. y Vasconcelos, M. (2019). How co-creation increases employee corporate social responsibility and organizational engagement: the moderating role of self-construal. Revista de Gestão, 27(2), 153-167. https://doi.org/nccm
Slattery, P., Saeri, A. K. y Bragge, P. (2020). Research co-design in health: a rapid overview of reviews. Health Research Policy Systems, 18(17). https://doi.org/gmvf3p
Suárez-Albanchez, J., Jiménez-Estévez, P., Blázquez-Resino, J. J. y Gutiérrez-Broncano, S. (2022). Team autonomy and organizational support, well-being, and work engagement in the spain computer consultancy industry: the mediating effect of emotional intelligence. Administrative Sciences, 12(3), 85. https://doi.org/nccn
Turnbull, J., McKenna, G., Prichard, J., Rogers, A., Crouch, R., Lennon, A. y Pope, C. (2019). Sense-making strategies and help-seeking behaviours associated with urgent care services: a mixed-methods study. Health Services and Delivery Research, (7.26). https://tinyurl.com/4bj4ykcn
Valentin, M. A., Valentin, C. C. y Nafukho, F. M. (2015). The engagement continuum model using corporate social responsibility as an intervention for sustained employee engagement: research leading practice. European Journal of Training and Development, 39(3), 182-202. https://doi.org/nccq
Van Tuin, L., Schaufeli, W. B. y Van den Broeck, A. (2021). Engaging leadership: enhancing work engagement through intrinsic values and need satisfaction. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 32(4), 1-23. https://doi.org/grzvj5
Vecina, M. L. y Chacón, F. (2013). Is engagement different from satisfaction and organizational commitment? Relations with intention to remain, psychological well-being and perceived physical health in volunteers. Anales de Psicología, 29(1), 225-232. https://doi.org/ghpmvv
Vom Brocke, J., Simons, A., Riemer, K., Niehaves, B., Plattfaut, R. y Cleven, A. (2015). Standing on the shoulders of giants: challenges and recommendations of literature search in information systems research. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 37. https://doi.org/gfrhd7
Wittenberg, H., Eweje, G., Taskin, N. y Forsyth, D. (2023). Different perspectives on engagement, where to from here? A systematic literature review. International Journal of Management Review, 26(3), 410-434. https://doi.org/nccr
Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. y Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Reciprocal relationships between job resources, personal resources, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 235-244. https://doi.org/cspbmc
Zavatti Campos, W. Y. Y. y Neves Cavazotte, F. de S. C. (2023). Controle burocrático e suporte organizacional no setor público: efeitos mediados pelo empoderamento psicológico no engajamento. Revista de Administração Pública, 57(4), e2022-0301. https://doi.org/ncbd
Instituciones
Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
Copyright © 2024. Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Colombia